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Firmware & hardware blog

What we learn shipping firmware and hardware to production: guides, design criteria and mistakes worth avoiding.

2026-06-18

Certifying a product: CE, FCC and the Cyber Resilience Act

Which certifications an electronic product with radio needs: CE and RED in Europe, FCC in the US and the new Cyber Resilience Act. With a preparation checklist.

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2026-06-18

OTA firmware updates: how they work and how to secure them

What OTA updates are, how they work (A/B partitions and rollback), how to secure them (signing, encryption, secure boot) and how they reach the device.

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2026-06-18

I2C, SPI and UART: what they are and when to use each bus

Differences between the three most used serial buses: wires, speed, number of devices and when to pick each. With a comparison table.

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2026-06-14

What a PID controller is and how to implement it in firmware

Proportional, integral and derivative explained with a motor-control example, a loop diagram and C code ready for your microcontroller.

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2026-06-09

Microcontroller vs microprocessor vs web/app: where to program your product?

Where to put your product's logic: MCU firmware, microprocessor software or web/app. Pros, limits and when to use each.

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2026-06-02

What firmware is and why it's the heart of your electronic product

How it differs from software, what well-designed firmware does, and why it's key to your product's reliability.

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2026-05-20

From schematic to PCB: what hardware design looks like

What happens between the idea and the manufactured board: the six phases of hardware design and the mistakes that cost respins.

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2026-02-15

How to choose the right microcontroller for your IoT product

A practical guide to picking the right MCU: power, peripherals, connectivity, ecosystem and cost.

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2026-01-28

5 keys to optimizing power consumption in a BLE device

Real techniques to extend your wearable or wireless sensor battery from days to months.

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